A number of options exist when creating virtual machines. They can be managed directly from profiles and the command line execution, or a more complex map file can be created. The map file allows for a number of virtual machines to be created and associated with specific profiles.
Map files have a simple format, specify a profile and then a list of virtual machines to make from said profile:
fedora_small:
- web1
- web2
- web3
fedora_high:
- redis1
- redis2
- redis3
cent_high:
- riak1
- riak2
- riak3
This map file can then be called to roll out all of these virtual machines. Map files are called from the salt-cloud command with the -m option:
$ salt-cloud -m /path/to/mapfile
Remember, that as with direct profile provisioning the -P option can be passed to create the virtual machines in parallel:
$ salt-cloud -m /path/to/mapfile -P
注解
Due to limitations in the GoGrid API, instances cannot be provisioned in parallel
with the GoGrid driver. Map files will work with GoGrid, but the -P
argument should not be used on maps referencing GoGrid instances.
A map file can also be enforced to represent the total state of a cloud
deployment by using the --hard
option. When using the hard option any vms
that exist but are not specified in the map file will be destroyed:
$ salt-cloud -m /path/to/mapfile -P -H
Be careful with this argument, it is very dangerous! In fact, it is so dangerous that in order to use it, you must explicitly enable it in the main configuration file.
enable_hard_maps: True
A map file can include grains and minion configuration options:
fedora_small:
- web1:
minion:
log_level: debug
grains:
cheese: tasty
omelet: du fromage
- web2:
minion:
log_level: warn
grains:
cheese: more tasty
omelet: with peppers
A map file may also be used with the various query options:
$ salt-cloud -m /path/to/mapfile -Q
{'ec2': {'web1': {'id': 'i-e6aqfegb',
'image': None,
'private_ips': [],
'public_ips': [],
'size': None,
'state': 0}},
'web2': {'Absent'}}
...or with the delete option:
$ salt-cloud -m /path/to/mapfile -d
The following virtual machines are set to be destroyed:
web1
web2
Proceed? [N/y]
警告
Specifying Nodes with Maps on the Command Line
Specifying the name of a node or nodes with the maps options on the command
line is not supported. This is especially important to remember when
using --destroy
with maps; salt-cloud
will ignore any arguments
passed in which are not directly relevant to the map file. When using
``--destroy`` with a map, every node in the map file will be deleted!
Maps don't provide any useful information for destroying individual nodes,
and should not be used to destroy a subset of a map.
Bootstrapping a new master in the map is as simple as:
fedora_small:
- web1:
make_master: True
- web2
- web3
Notice that ALL bootstrapped minions from the map will answer to the newly created salt-master.
To make any of the bootstrapped minions answer to the bootstrapping salt-master as opposed to the newly created salt-master, as an example:
fedora_small:
- web1:
make_master: True
minion:
master: <the local master ip address>
local_master: True
- web2
- web3
The above says the minion running on the newly created salt-master responds to the local master, ie, the master used to bootstrap these VMs.
Another example:
fedora_small:
- web1:
make_master: True
- web2
- web3:
minion:
master: <the local master ip address>
local_master: True
The above example makes the web3
minion answer to the local master, not the
newly created master.