The Salt integration tests come with a number of classes and methods which allow for components to be easily tested. These classes are generally inherited from and provide specific methods for hooking into the running integration test environment created by the integration tests.
It is noteworthy that since integration tests validate against a running environment that they are generally the preferred means to write tests.
The integration system is all located under tests/integration
in the Salt
source tree. Each directory within tests/integration
corresponds to a
directory in Salt's tree structure. For example, the integration tests for the
test.py
Salt module that is located in salt/modules
should also be
named test.py
and reside in tests/integration/modules
.
If the corresponding Salt directory does not exist within
tests/integration
, the new directory must be created along with the
appropriate test file to maintain Salt's testing directory structure.
In order for Salt's test suite to recognize tests within the newly
created directory, options to run the new integration tests must be added to
tests/runtests.py
. Examples of the necessary options that must be added
can be found here: https://github.com/saltstack/salt/blob/develop/tests/runtests.py. The functions that need to be
edited are setup_additional_options
, validate_options
, and
run_integration_tests
.
The integration classes are located in tests/integration/__init__.py
and
can be extended therein. There are three classes available to extend:
Used to define executions run via the master to minions and to call single modules and states.
The available methods are as follows:
Used to execute remote commands via a syndic, only used to verify the capabilities of the Syndic.
The available methods are as follows:
Shell out to the scripts which ship with Salt.
The available methods are as follows:
Import the integration module, this module is already added to the python path
by the test execution. Inherit from the integration.ModuleCase
class.
Now the workhorse method run_function
can be used to test a module:
import os
import integration
class TestModuleTest(integration.ModuleCase):
'''
Validate the test module
'''
def test_ping(self):
'''
test.ping
'''
self.assertTrue(self.run_function('test.ping'))
def test_echo(self):
'''
test.echo
'''
self.assertEqual(self.run_function('test.echo', ['text']), 'text')
Validating the shell commands can be done via shell tests:
import sys
import shutil
import tempfile
import integration
class KeyTest(integration.ShellCase):
'''
Test salt-key script
'''
_call_binary_ = 'salt-key'
def test_list(self):
'''
test salt-key -L
'''
data = self.run_key('-L')
expect = [
'Unaccepted Keys:',
'Accepted Keys:',
'minion',
'sub_minion',
'Rejected:', '']
self.assertEqual(data, expect)
This example verifies that the salt-key
command executes and returns as
expected by making use of the run_key
method.
Since using Salt largely involves configuring states, editing files, and changing
system data, the integration test suite contains a directory named files
to
aid in testing functions that require files. Various Salt integration tests use
these example files to test against instead of altering system files and data.
Each directory within tests/integration/files
contain files that accomplish
different tasks, based on the needs of the integration tests using those files.
For example, tests/integration/files/ssh
is used to bootstrap the test runner
for salt-ssh testing, while tests/integration/files/pillar
contains files
storing data needed to test various pillar functions.
The tests/integration/files
directory also includes an integration state tree.
The integration state tree can be found at tests/integration/files/file/base
.
The following example demonstrates how integration files can be used with ModuleCase to test states:
import os
import shutil
import integration
HFILE = os.path.join(integration.TMP, 'hosts')
class HostTest(integration.ModuleCase):
'''
Validate the host state
'''
def setUp(self):
shutil.copyfile(os.path.join(integration.FILES, 'hosts'), HFILE)
super(HostTest, self).setUp()
def tearDown(self):
if os.path.exists(HFILE):
os.remove(HFILE)
super(HostTest, self).tearDown()
def test_present(self):
'''
host.present
'''
name = 'spam.bacon'
ip = '10.10.10.10'
ret = self.run_state('host.present', name=name, ip=ip)
result = self.state_result(ret)
self.assertTrue(result)
with open(HFILE) as fp_:
output = fp_.read()
self.assertIn('{0}\t\t{1}'.format(ip, name), output)
To access the integration files, a variable named integration.FILES
points to the tests/integration/files
directory. This is where the referenced
host.present
sls file resides.
In addition to the static files in the integration state tree, the location
integration.TMP
can also be used to store temporary files that the test system
will clean up when the execution finishes.
Since Salt is used to change the settings and behavior of systems, one testing approach is to run tests that make actual changes to the underlying system. This is where the concept of destructive integration tests comes into play. Tests can be written to alter the system they are running on. This capability is what fills in the gap needed to properly test aspects of system management like package installation.
Any test that changes the underlying system in any way, such as creating or
deleting users, installing packages, or changing permissions should include the
@destructive
decorator to signal system changes and should be written with
care. System changes executed within a destructive test should also be restored
once the related tests have completed. For example, if a new user is created to
test a module, the same user should be removed after the test is completed to
maintain system integrity.
To write a destructive test, import, and use the destructiveTest decorator for the test method:
import integration
from salttesting.helpers import destructiveTest
class DestructiveExampleModuleTest(integration.ModuleCase):
'''
Demonstrate a destructive test
'''
@destructiveTest
@skipIf(os.geteuid() != 0, 'you must be root to run this test')
def test_user_not_present(self):
'''
This is a DESTRUCTIVE TEST it creates a new user on the minion.
And then destroys that user.
'''
ret = self.run_state('user.present', name='salt_test')
self.assertSaltTrueReturn(ret)
ret = self.run_state('user.absent', name='salt_test')
self.assertSaltTrueReturn(ret)
Cloud provider integration tests are used to assess Salt-Cloud's ability to create and destroy cloud instances for various supported cloud providers. Cloud provider tests inherit from the ShellCase Integration Class.
Any new cloud provider test files should be added to the tests/integration/cloud/providers/
directory. Each cloud provider test file also requires a sample cloud profile and cloud
provider configuration file in the integration test file directory located at
tests/integration/files/conf/cloud.*.d/
.
The following is an example of the default profile configuration file for Digital
Ocean, located at: tests/integration/files/conf/cloud.profiles.d/digital_ocean.conf
:
digitalocean-test:
provider: digitalocean-config
image: Ubuntu 14.04 x64
size: 512MB
Each cloud provider requires different configuration credentials. Therefore, sensitive information such as API keys or passwords should be omitted from the cloud provider configuration file and replaced with an empty string. The necessary credentials can be provided by the user by editing the provider configuration file before running the tests.
The following is an example of the default provider configuration file for Digital
Ocean, located at: tests/integration/files/conf/cloud.providers.d/digital_ocean.conf
:
digitalocean-config:
driver: digital_ocean
client_key: ''
api_key: ''
location: New York 1
In addition to providing the necessary cloud profile and provider files in the integration
test suite file structure, appropriate checks for if the configuration files exist and
contain valid information are also required in the test class's setUp
function:
class LinodeTest(integration.ShellCase):
'''
Integration tests for the Linode cloud provider in Salt-Cloud
'''
def setUp(self):
'''
Sets up the test requirements
'''
super(LinodeTest, self).setUp()
# check if appropriate cloud provider and profile files are present
profile_str = 'linode-config:'
provider = 'linode'
providers = self.run_cloud('--list-providers')
if profile_str not in providers:
self.skipTest(
'Configuration file for {0} was not found. Check {0}.conf files '
'in tests/integration/files/conf/cloud.*.d/ to run these tests.'
.format(provider)
)
# check if apikey and password are present
path = os.path.join(integration.FILES,
'conf',
'cloud.providers.d',
provider + '.conf')
config = cloud_providers_config(path)
api = config['linode-config']['linode']['apikey']
password = config['linode-config']['linode']['password']
if api == '' or password == '':
self.skipTest(
'An api key and password must be provided to run these tests. Check '
'tests/integration/files/conf/cloud.providers.d/{0}.conf'.format(
provider
)
)
Repeatedly creating and destroying instances on cloud providers can be costly.
Therefore, cloud provider tests are off by default and do not run automatically. To
run the cloud provider tests, the --cloud-provider-tests
flag must be provided:
./tests/runtests.py --cloud-provider-tests
Since cloud provider tests do not run automatically, all provider tests must be
preceded with the @expensiveTest
decorator. The expensive test decorator is
necessary because it signals to the test suite that the
--cloud-provider-tests
flag is required to run the cloud provider tests.
To write a cloud provider test, import, and use the expensiveTest decorator for the test function:
from salttesting.helpers import expensiveTest
@expensiveTest
def test_instance(self):
'''
Test creating an instance on Linode
'''
name = 'linode-testing'
# create the instance
instance = self.run_cloud('-p linode-test {0}'.format(name))
str = ' {0}'.format(name)
# check if instance with salt installed returned as expected
try:
self.assertIn(str, instance)
except AssertionError:
self.run_cloud('-d {0} --assume-yes'.format(name))
raise
# delete the instance
delete = self.run_cloud('-d {0} --assume-yes'.format(name))
str = ' True'
try:
self.assertIn(str, delete)
except AssertionError:
raise